Female Sex Hormones Upregulate the Replication Activity of HIV-1 Sub-Subtype A6 and CRF02_AG but Not HIV-1 Subtype B

More than 50% of all people living with HIV worldwide are women. Globally, HIV/AIDS is the leading cause death among women aged 15 to 44. The safe and effective methods hormonal contraception an essential component preventive medical care in order reduce maternal infant mortality. However, there limited knowledge regarding effect hormones on rate viral replication infection, especially non-B subtypes. goal present work was study vitro how female β-estradiol progesterone affect HIV-1 subtypes A6, CRF02_AG, B. findings show that high doses enhanced sub-subtype A6 by average 1.75 times recombinant variant CRF02_AG 1.4 but did not subtype No difference detected expression CCR5 CXCR4 co-receptors cell surface, either presence or absence hormones. one reasons for increased could be modulated TLRs secretion, as it found estradiol upregulated, varying degrees, TLR2 TLR9 genes PBMCs donors infected A6.